Weathering and Mass Wasting Terms.

mass wasting (mass movement)

nature of mass movement

flow

fall

slip

slides

slumps

scarp

landslide

slope failure

talus

angle of repose

center of gravity

coluvium

factors that control mass wasting processes

oversteepened slopes

glide plane

temperature

climate

water

ice

vegetation

elevation

mass wasting processes

creep

solifluction

mudflow

rock fall

rock avalance

slump

debris flow

Mechanical Weathering Processes

joints

sheet jointing

exfoliation/spheroidal weathering

frost wedging

frost heaving

abrasion

diuranal temperature change

salt crystal pressure

differential weathering

Chemical Weathering Reactions

1. 4Fe+3O2 » 2Fe2O3 (red hematite) or with H2O + Fe2O3.n H2O (yellow limonite)

2. CO2 + H2O »« H2CO3 »« 2H+ = HCO3- (carbonic acid)

3. CaCO3 + H+ + HCO3»« Ca++ + 2HCO3- (dissolution of calcite)

4. 4FeSiO3 (pyroxene) + O2 + H2O » 4FeO(OH) (limonite) + 4 SiO2

5. 2KAlSi3O8 (K- spar) + 2H+ + 2HCO3- + H2O » Al2Si2O5(OH)4 (clay) + 2K+ + 2 HCO3- + 4 SiO2 (silica)

6. 2KAlSi3O8 + 2H+ + 2Cl- + H2O » Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 2K+ + 2Cl- + 4SiO2