BIO 3520
McGilliard
 
 

Reading Assignment:

     Widmaier, pp. 254-280.

Objectives:

     After reviewing your lecture notes and reading assignment, you should be able to:

     1.  Compare and contrast the three different muscle types with respect to location,

          neural control, and microscopic appearance.

          Lecture -- 9/29
          Text -- pp. 254-255

          Figure -- 9-1

          Notes
          Skeletal muscle^a
          Smooth muscle^a
          Cardiac muscle^a

     2.  Contrast isotonic and isometric contractions in terms of movement, tension, and

          load.

          Lab -- 9/29
          Text -- pp. 266-268
          Notes
          Isometric vs. Isotonic Contractions^b

          Animation -- Isotonic and  Isometric Contractions

     3.  Describe the structure of a skeletal muscle.

          Lecture -- 9/29
          Text -- pp. 255-256
          Figure -- 9-2

          Notes

          Cross-section of a Skeletal Muscle

          Animation -- Flexion and Extension

     4.  Describe the internal structure of a skeletal muscle fiber, explaining, in detail,

          the basis of its striated appearance.

          Lecture -- 9/29
          Text -- pp. 256-258
          Figures -- 9-1a, 9-2, 9-11

          Notes

     5.  Contrast thick and thin filaments with respect to diameter, protein makeup, and

          position in the sarcomere.

          Lecture -- 9/29, 10/01
          Text -- pp. 257-258
          Figures -- 9-3, 9-4, 9-7
          Thick filaments

     6.  Discuss the sliding filament hypothesis of muscle contraction.

          Lecture -- 10/01
          Text -- pp. 258-259
          Figure -- 9-5

          Notes

          Animation -- Sliding Filament Hypothesis

     7.  Describe the events occurring at the neuromuscular junction that lead to
          depolarization of the muscle cell membrane.

          Lecture -- 10/01
          Text -- pp. 264-266
          Figures -- 9-13, 9-14, 9-15
          Table -- 9-2
          Notes

          Motor Units^b
          Neuromuscular Junction^a

     8.  Discuss how neuromuscular transmission is altered by drugs and disease.

          Lecture/Lab -- 10/03, 10/09, 10/10
          Text -- pp. 266, 280
          Notes

          Myasthenia Gravis

     9.  Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling.

          Lecture -- 10/03
          Text -- pp. 261-263
          Figure -- 9-12
          Table -- 9-2

          Notes

   10.  Describe the events of the cross-bridge cycle of muscle contraction.

          Lecture -- 10/03
          Text -- pp. 259-261
          Figures -- 9-5, 9-6, 9-8

          Table -- 9-2

          Notes

          Cross-bridge Cycle
 

   11.  Describe the roles of ATP and calcium ion in skeletal muscle contraction.

          Lecture -- 10/06
          Text -- pp. 259-264
          Figures -- 9-8, 9-9, 9-12
          Tables -- 9-1, 9-2

          Notes

   12.  Contrast two skeletal muscle fiber types with respect to speed of contraction,
          resistance to fatigue, energy metabolism, and myoglobin content.

          Lecture -- 10/06
          Text -- pp. 274-275
          Figures -- 9-22, 9-24, 9-25, 9-26
          Table -- 9-3

          Notes

   13.  Define muscle atrophy and hypertrophy and discuss causes of each.

          Lecture -- 10/06
          Text -- pp. 277-278, 280

          Notes

          Muscle Atrophy

   14.  Discuss the effects of electrical stimulation on an isolated skeletal muscle:
          a.  Effect of increasing stimulus intensity.
          b.  Effect of increasing stimulus frequency.
          c.  Effect of temperature.
          d.  Development of fatigue.
          e.  Length-tension relationship.

          Lab/Lecture -- 9/30, 10/01, 10/06
          Text -- pp. 266-274
          Figures -- 9-16a, 9-19, 9-20, 9-21, 9-23
          Notes

          Worksheet:  Physiology of Skeletal Muscle

   15.  Describe a significant contribution of Hugh Huxley and Jean Hanson to our
          understanding of muscle physiology.

          Lecture -- 10/01
 

Review Questions:

     Pg. 283, #1-16, 18-21, 26, 27, 29.
 

Test Questions:

     Pp. 293-294, #1-3, 6.

Quantitative and Thought Questions:

     Pg. 294, #2,7.
 

^a  Slides are from the Loyola University Lumen Histology  Slide Series.

^b From Fox, S.I.  Human Physiology, 7th ed.