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What is his displacement? The definition of average velocity, v =  can be solved for Ds = v Dt Ds = v Dt = (15  ) (20 min) (  ) = 5 km 2.12 The speed of sound in air is about 330 m/s. You observe a lightning bolt strike a tree 1.5 km away. How much time will elapse between your seeing the lightning bolt and hearing the thunder that accompanies it? Why do you not need to take into account the speed of light? The definition of average velocity, v =  can be solved for Dt =  Dt =  =  =   = 4.5 s 2.16 A car accelerates from rest to 90 km/h in 8.8 s. What is its average acceleration in m/s2? Use the basic definition of acceleration, a =  It may be easier, or more convenient, to change the velocity of 90 km/hr into units of m/s early on, vf = 90  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 25  a =  =  = 2.8 m/s2 2.19 A jet aircraft landing on an aircraft carrier is brought to a complete stop from a velocity of 215 km/h in 2.7 seconds. What is its average acceleration in m/s2? Again, use the basic definition of acceleration, a =  As before, it may be easier, or more convenient, to change the velocity of 90 km/hr into units of m/s early on, vf = 215  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 59.8  vi = 0 a =  =  =  = 22.1 m/s2 2.23 A certain car has an acceleration of 2.4 m/s2. Assume that its acceleration remains constant. Starting from rest, how long does the car require to reach a velocity of 90 km/h? How far does it travel while reaching that velocity? It may be easier, or more convenient, to change the velocity of 90 km/hr into units of m/s early on, vf = 90  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 25  We can solve the equation v = vi + a t for the time t, t =  . "Starting from rest" means vi = 0 so that becomes t =  t =  =  = 10.4 s Now that we know "how long" we can use the displacementtime equation, with this time, to determine "how far". s = si + vi t +  a t2 s = 0 + 0 (10.4 s) +  (2.4 m/s2) (10.4 s)2 s = 128 m 2.38 In passing a slow truck you must accelerate from 50 km/h to 90 km/h. What must your acceleration be so you can complete your passing maneuver in 1.0 km? We know the velocities and the displacement involved and don't really care about the time so we can use the equation v2 = vi2 + 2 a (s si) It may be easier, or more convenient, to change the velocities of 50 km/hr and 90km/hr into units of m/s early on, vf = 50  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 13.9  vf = 90  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 25  v2 = vi2 + 2 a (s si) ( 25  )2 = ( 13.9  )2 + 2 a ( 1000 m ) 625 m2/s2 = 193 m2/s2 + (2000 m) a (2000 m) a = (625 193) m2/s2 = 432 m2/s2 a =  = 0.216 m/s2  2.46 A car, speeding at 130 km/h passes a police car at rest. Just as the speeding motorist passes the police car, the police car begins pursuit. If the police car has maintains a constant acceleration of 5.8 m/s2, when and where will the speeding motorist be overtaken?  We can make life a little easier by changing the motorist's velocity of 130 km/hr into units of m/s. vmot = 130  (  ) (  ) (  ) = 36.1  The motorist travels at constant velocity of 130 km/hr or 36.1 m/s so the motorist's acceleration is zero, amot = 0 . The motorist's position or displacement is given by smot = smot, i + vmot, i t +  amot t2 smot = 0 + (36.1 m/s) t +  (0) t2 smot = (36.1 m/s) t The police car starts from rest so vpol, i = 0 but then accelerates at 5.8 m/s2. The police car's displacement or position is given by spol = spol, i + vpol, i t +  apol t2 spol = 0 + (0)t +  (5.8 m/s2) t2 spol =  (5.8 m/s2) t2 For what time and where are these two displacements equal?  The motorist's position or displacement is given by smot = (36.1 m/s) t The police car's displacement or position is given by spol =  (5.8 m/s2) t2 For what time and where are these two displacements equal? Set the two equations equal to each other. spol =  (5.8 m/s2) t2 = (36.1 m/s) t = smot  (5.8 m/s2) t2 = (36.1 m/s) t  (5.8 m/s2) t = (36.1 m/s) t =  s = 12.5 t = 12.5 s That tells us when. We can put that back into either displacement equation to determine where. The motorist's displacement, since it has only a term with time and not with timesquared, is the easier to use. smot = (36.1 m/s) t = (36.1 m/s) (12.5 s) = 451 m And we can check this answer by evaluating the police car's displacement. spol =  (5.8 m/s2) t2 =  (5.8 m/s2) (12.5 s)2 = 453 m The answers agree to two significant figures. The time of 12.5 s was really 12.448 s and we would expect a closer agreement between the two answers if we kept more significant figures in our answer for the time. But more significant figures are not warranted because the police car's acceleration of 5.8 m/s2 is given only to two significant figures. 2.48 A late commuter, sprinting at 8 m/s, is 30 m away from the rear door of a commuter train when it starts to pull out of the station with an acceleration of 1 m/s2. Can the commuter catch the train (if the platform is long enough)?  This time, notice that the commuter and the train start from different places. That is, they have differen initial displacements. We can take care of that with sc,i = 0 st,i = 30 m The initial velocities of commuter and train are vc,i = 8 m/s vt,i = 0 Their two accelerations are ac = 0 at = 1 m/s2 We can write equations for the displacement of the commuter and for the displacement of the train sc = sc,i + vc,i t +  ac t2 st = st,i + vt,i t +  at t2 sc = 0 + (8 m/s) t +  (0) t2; st = 30 m + (0) t +  (1 m/s2) t2 sc = (8 m/s) t st = 30 m +  (1 m/s2) t2 Now set these two equations equal to each other and solve for the time t. If there is no solution, then the commuter can not catch the train. If there is a solution, that value of time t tells us when the commuter catches the train. We can then use that value of time t to evaluate the displacement from either equation. st = 30 m +  (1 m/s2) t2 = (8 m/s) t = sc 30 m +  (1 m/s2) t2 (8 m/s) t = 0  (1 m/s2) t2 (8 m/s) t + 30 m = 0 (1 m/s2) t2 (16 m/s) t + 60 m = 0 (1 m/s2) t2 (16 m/s) t + 60 m = 0 If time t is measured in seconds, then each term in this equation has units of m (for meters) and we may eliminate the units and simply write t2 16 t + 60 = 0 This is now a quadratic equation of the form a x2 + b x + c = 0 and has a solution in the form of x =  For our present equation, we have a = 1, b = 16, and c = 60. Therefore, t =  t =  t =  t =  t =  There are two solutions: t1 =  s = 10 s and t2 =  s = 6 s What do these two solutions mean? At t = 6 seconds, the commuter catches up with the train. This is the "real solution". At t = 6 seconds, the commuter catches the train and the race is over. However, the mathematics does not stop there. If the commuter continues to run, he will pass the train and the train will catch up with him at t = 10 seconds! 2.51 While standing still, a police car is passed by a speeding car traveling at a constant 120 km/h. The policeman waits 2 seconds before deciding to pursue. What must be his acceleration in order to catch the speeding car within three kilometers?  First, let's do the easy conversion of the car's speed of 120 km/hr to m/s vcar = 120    = 33.3  Remember, since the car travels at constant velocity, this is its initial velocity and we know its acceleration is zero, acar = 0 The police car's initial velocity is zero, vpol, i = 0 and we are trying to solve for its acceleration, apol = ? We can immediately write the equation for the displacement or position of the car, scar = scar,i + vcar,i t +  acar t2 scar = 0 + (33.3 ) t +  (0) t2 scar = (33.3 ) t We can set this equal to 3 km or 3,000 m and find out how long the car travels before the police car catches up with it. scar = (33.3 ) t = 3,000 m t =  = 90 s (3 km is a l-o-n-g distance for catching the speeding motorist). Remember, the policeman waits for 2 s before beginning pursuit. Therefore, the time required for the police car to travel 3,000 m is 88 s. We can write an equation for the displacement of the police car and find the acceleration necessary. spol = spol,i + vpol,i t +  apol t2 3,000 m = 0 + (0) (88 s) +  apol (88 s)2 3,000 m =  apol (88 s)2 3,000 m = (3872 s2) apol apol =  apol = 0.77 m/s2 2.62 How fast must a stone be thrown, straight up, to just reach the top of a building that is 10 m high?  Throughout the stone's flight, its acceleration is a = 9.8 m/s2 (for convenience, we will use the approximation that its acceleration is a = 10 m/s2). This means we have taken up as positive. Since we do not care about the time, we can use the third of our "big three" equations, v2 = vi2 + 2 a ( s si) We will measure everything from the ground so si = 0. At the top, where s = 10 m, the stone stops momentarily so v = 0. v2 = vi2 + 2 a ( s si) 02 = vi2 + 2 ( 10 m/s2) ( 10 m 0) 0 = vi2 200 m2/s2 vi2 = 200 m2/s2 vi = 14.1 m/s 2.66 Cliff divers in Acapulco dive from rocks about 35 m above the water. Neglecting air resistance, what is their velocity as they hit the water?  Everything is happening in the "down" direction, so we may as well take down as positive for this case. If down is positive, then the acceleration is a = + 10 m/s2 (the acceleration is really + 9.8 m/s2, but we will make the arithmetic easier by using this approximation). We will measure distances from the top of the cliff. There, at the top of the cliff, si = 0. Since we are not interested in the time, we can use the third of our "big three" equations, v2 = vi2 + 2 a ( s si) v2 = 02 + 2 (10 m/s2) ( 35 m 0 ) v2 = 700 m2/s2 v = 26.5 m/s 2.86 In the mid1960s McGill University launched highaltitude weather sensors by firing them from a cannon made from two World War II Navy cannon bolted together for a total length of 18 m. It was proposed that they use this arrangement to launch a satellite. Orbital speed of a satellite is about 29 000 km/h. What would have been the average acceleration throughout the 18 m length of the cannon to have a muzzle velocity of 29 000 km/h?  While it is easier to think of orbital velocity in terms of km/h, it is easier to do the calculations with this velocity in units of m/s. v = 29 000    = 8060  v2 = vi2 + 2 a ( s si) (8060 )2 = 02 + 2 a ( 18 m 0) (8060 )2 = 02 + 2 a ( 18 m 0) 64 963 600  = (36 m) a a =  a = 1 804 544 m/s2 a = 1 800 00 m/s2 We will later see that there is an important connection between forces and accelerations. To experience such an enormous acceleration, the payload would have to be able to withstand enormous forces! 2.92 A falling flower pot takes 0.25 s to pass by a window 1.5 m high. How far above the top of the window was the balcony from which the flower pot fell?  (Only) After the diagram is carefully drawn and labeled, we can start writing equations (notice that I have taken down as positive): We are looking for the distance I have labeled ytop, the distance from the balcony above to the top of the window. y = yi + vyi t + (1/2) a t2 ytop = yi + vyi ttop + (1/2) a ttop2 ybot = yi X+ vyi tbot + (1/2) a tbot2 Since we are measuring distances from the balcony above, we know yi = 0. Since the flower pot falls from rest, we know vyi = 0. Then our equations for ytop and ybot can be simplified to be come just ytop = (1/2) (9.8 m/s2) ttop2 ybot = (1/2) (9.8 m/s2) tbot2 But we also know ybot = ytop + 1.5 m and tbot = ttop + 0.25 s. ytop = (1/2) (9.8 m/s2) ttop2 ytop = (4.9 m/s2) ttop2 ybot = (1/2) (9.8 m/s2) tbot2 ytop + 1.5 m = (4.9 m/s2) (ttop + 0.25 s)2 Subtract one equation from the other, ytop + 1.5 m = (4.9 m/s2) (ttop2 + [0.50 s]t + 0.0625 s2) { ytop = (4.9 m/s2) ttop2 } 1.5 m = (4.9 m/s2) ( [0.5 s] t + 0.0625 s2) 1.5 m = (2.45 m/s) t + 0.306 m 1.194 m = (I2.45 m/s) t (2.45 m/s) t = 1.194 m t = [ 1.194 m ] / [2.45 m/s ] t = 0.487 s This is really ttop but I dropped the subscript to make things look "prettier". ttop = 0.487 s But we want the distance to the top, ytop = yi + vyi ttop + (1/2) a ttop2 ytop = (1/2) (9.8 m/s2) ttop2 ytop = (4.9 m/s2) ttop2 ytop = (4.9 m/s2) (0.487 s)2 ytop = 1.163 m ytop = 1.16 m 2.96 Poor Wyl E Coyote is at it again. Attempting to catch the Road Runner he falls from the top of a 400 m cliff. He is wearing an Acme Fireworks rocket but requires 6 seconds to light the fuse and ignite the rocket. The burning rocket gives him an upward acceleration so that his velocity just reaches zero as he reaches the bottom. a) How far has he fallen before the rocket starts? b) What is his upward acceleration in order to have this gentle landing? But, alas, as Edsel Murphy would have it, the Acme rocket does not shut off. Nor is the Coyote able to release himself from the rocket. Therefore, the rocket now carries him upward with this same acceleration for an additional 5 seconds before it depletes its fuel. c) How high is he then (as the fuel runs out)? d) How fast is he moving then? e) How highhow far above the canyon floordoes the Coyote eventually go? f) How fast is he going as he hits the canyon floor this time? a)In t = 6 s, the Coyote has fallen a distance s (or y) given by s = si + vi t +  a t2 or y = yi + vy,i t +  ay t2 We will measure displacements from the cliff so that si = yi = 0 y = (0) + (0) t +  ( 10 m/s2) t2 At time t = 6 s, this becomes y = (0) + (0) (6 s) +  ( 10 m/s2) (6 s)2 y =  ( 10 m/s2) (36 s2) a) y = 180 m, that is, 180 m below the top of the cliff (or 220 above the canyon floor, if you prefer). b) The burning rocket gives him an upward acceleration so that his velocity just reaches zero as he reaches the bottom. b) What is his upward acceleration in order to have this gentle landing?  v2 = vi2 + 2 a (s si) Be careful. It might be better to write this equation with subscripts 1 and 2. v22 = v12 + 2 a (s2 s1) Now v1 and s1 refer to the situation we found at the end of part a), s1 = 180 m and v1 = 60 m/s And v2 and s2 refer to the velocity and position right at the canyon floor, s2 = 400 m and v2 = 0 v22 = v12 + 2 a (s2 s1) (0)2 = ( 60 m/s)2 + 2 a [( 400 m) (180 m)] 0 = 3600 m2/s2 + 2 a ( 400 m + 180 m) 0 = 3600 m2/s2 + 2 a ( 220 m) 2 a (220 m) = 3600 m2/s2 (440 m) a = 3600 m2/s2 a =  = 8.18 m/s2 a = 8.18 m/s2 c)  From the floor of the canyon, from being at rest, Wyl E Coyote accelerates upward with an acceleration of 8.18 m/s2. We could start everything over at this point and measure distances from the floor of the canyon. However, it is just as goodand just as easyto leave the origin where it was and continue to measure distances from the top of the cliff. With that reference frame, the initial position for this part of the trip is si = yi = 400 m. y = yi + vy,i t +  ay t2 y = ( 400 m) + (0) (5 s) +  (8.18 m/s2) ( 25 s 2) y = 400 m + 103 m y = 297 m That is, 297 m below the cliff or 103 m above the canyon floor. d) v = vi + a t v = 0 + (8.18 m/s) (5 s) v = 40.9 m/s Note that the positive value for the velocity means the Coyote is moving up. e)  Now the Coyote is in "free fall" with a = g = 10 m/s2 (yes, his acceleration is really a = g = 9.8 m/s2 but we will again use this approximation just to keep the arithmetic somewhat easier and to be consistent with the earlier use of it). The equation connecting velocity, acceleration, and distance is v22 = v12 + 2 a (s2 s1) or vy22 = vy12 + 2 ay (y2 y1) where s1 = y1 = 297 m, vy1 = v1 = 40.9 m/s, and vy2 = v2 = 0 and we are wanting to find s2 or y2. 02 = (40.9 m/s)2 + 2 ( 10 m/s2) [y2 ( 297 m)] 0 = (40.9 m/s)2 (20 m/s2) [y2 + 297 m] 0 = 1673 m2/s2 (20 m/s2) y2 5940 m2/s2 0 = 1673 m2/s2 (20 m/s2) y2 5940 m2/s2 0 = (20 m/s2) y2 4267 m2/s2 (20 m/s2) y2 = 4267 m2/s2 y2 =  y2 = 213 m Remember, that is 213 m below the cliff or 187 m above the canyon floor. f) Alas, the rocket fuel is finally depleted and our Coyote falls this 187 m to the canyon floor below. What is his impact velocity?  Again, since we are not particularly interested in the time we can use v22 = v12 + 2 a (s2 s1) or vy22 = vy12 + 2 ay (y2 y1) vy22 = (0)2 + 2 ( 10 m/s2) [( 400 m) ( 213 m)] vy22 = (0)2 + 2 ( 10 m/s2) ( 187 m) vy22 = 3740 m2/s2 vy2 = 61.2 m/s Either + 61.2 m/s or 61.2 m/s is a solution to the mathematics. What is happening physically? The Coyote is falling down so we must choose the negative solution, f) vy2 = 61.2 m/s 2.101 The figure below is a positiontime graph for a lab cart traveling along a straight track in a Physics lab. Determine the time(s) that the cart a) has its greatest velocity. b) has constant velocity. c) is moving backward.  a) has its greatest velocity. Velocity is the slope of the line and that seems to be greatest around 7.5 seconds or so. b) has constant velocity. This means constant slope. From about 4.5 s to 5.5 s the slope and velocity are constant at zero. From about 1.5 s to about 3.0 s the slope and velocity seem to be constant with a value of about 0.4 m/s. From about 8.5 s on the slope and velocity seem to be constant with a value of about 0.6 m/s c) is moving backward. "Moving backward" means a negative slope. That occurs between 3.5 s and 4.5 s, between 5.75 s and 6.5 s, and from 8.25 s on to the end of the graph around 11 s. 2.102 The Figure below is a positiontime graph. From it construct the corresponding velocitytime and accelerationtime graph. (That is, do not worry about the acceleration-time graph as the data given is really not sufficient). The velocity is the slope of the line on a positiontime graph. From about 1.75 s to about 3.5 s the position increases at a rate of 1.0 m/s; that is, the velocity is 1.0 m/s during that time. Then the ve\locity starts to decrease, passing through zero at about 4.0 s. By about 4.25 s, the position is decreasing at a steady rate of 0.5 m/s so the velocity is a constant 0.5 m/s up until about t = 8.0 s. Then the velocity approaches zero and remains at zero from about 8.25 seconds on.  There is really insufficient information to accurately find the acceleration. 2.106 Oops! I seem to have 2.106 on here twice. Take your pick. I hope the two solutions are consistent. 2.106 The Figure below is an accelerationtime graph. Use it to construct corresponding positiontime and velocitytime graphs. Start the car from rest, vi = 0, at x = 0 for t = 0.  During the time from 0 s to 2.0 s, the acceleration is a = + 1 m/s2. v = vi + a t v(2 s) = 0 + (1 m/s2) ( 2 s) = 2 m/s From t = 2 s to t = 6 s, the acceleration is zero so the velocity remains constant at v = 2 m/s.  During the time from 6.0 s to 8.0 s, the acceleration is a = 1 m/s2. v = vi + a t v(8 s) = 2 m/s + ( 1 m/s2) ( 2 s) = 0 From t = 8 s to t = 12 s, the acceleration is zero so the velocity remains constant at v = 0.  Now, for the position or displacement. During the time from 0 s to 2.0 s, the acceleration is a = + 1 m/s2. s = si + vi t +  a t2 s (2 s) = 0 + 0 (2 s) +  ( 1 m/s2) (2 s)2 s (2 s) = 2 m It is only a coincidence that the numerical value of the displacement happens to be equal to the numerical value of the velocity for time t = 2 s. From t = 0 to t = 2, the positiontime curve is a parabola that goes through (0, 0) and (2, 2). From t = 2s to t = 6 s, the velocity remains constant at v = 2.0 m/s so the positiontime curve is a straight line with a slope of 2.0 m/s. This means the displacement for t = 6 s is s = 2 m + (2.0 m/s) (4 s) = 10 m Dt = 4 s since this piece of the problem starts at ti = 2 s. From t = 6 s to t = 8 s, the acceleration is 1.0 m/s2, with the velocity going from 2.0 m/s to zero during that time. At t = 6 s, which we will call ti = 0, the displacement is 10 m. We can calculate the displacement at the end of this Dt = 2 s interval by s = si + vi t +  a t2 s = 10 m + (2 m/s) (2 s) +  ( 1 m/s2) (2 s)2 s = ( 10 + 4 2 ) m = 12 m  We can put all these together on a graph. The circles on the graph above indicate the displacements we have actually calculated. The curve from 0 to 2 s is a parabola. The line from 2 s to 6 s is a straight line. The curve from 6 s to 8 s is a parabola. And the line from 8 s on is a straight, horizontal line, corresponding to zero velocity. 2.106 (second version!) The figure below is an acceleration-time graph. Use it to construct the corresponding position-time and velocity-time graphs. Start the car (or whatever) from rest, vi = 0, at x = 0 for t = 0.  First, look at the motion for time between 0 and 2.0 s (0 < t < 2.0 s) for which the acceleration is a = 1.0 m/s2. We can calculate the velocity from v = vi + a t v = 0 + (1 m/s2) t v = (1) t At the end of that 2.0 seconds (at t = 2.0 s), the velocity is 2 m/s. That appears on a velocitytime graph as  From2.0 to 6.0 secondsthat is, for 2.0 s < t < 6.0 s the acceleration is zero ( a = 0 ) which just means the velocity remains constant ( v = 2.0 m/s). That appears on the velocity-time graph as a horizontal line.  From 6.0 to 8.0 s that is, for 6.0 s < t < 8.0 s the acceleration is 1.0m/s2 . Then the velocity is given by v = vi + at v = 2.0 m/s + ( 1.0 m/s2) t v = 2.0 m/s (1.0 m/s2) t That is a straight line starting at v = 2.0 m/s and having a slope of 1.0 m/s2. That part of the velocitytime graph looks like this:  FFor the rest of the time, 8.0 s < t < 12.0 s, the acceleration is again zero so the velocity remains constant. During the two seconds from t = 6.0 s to 8.0 s, the velocity has been reduced from 2.0 m/s back to 0.0 so the object is at rest at 8.0 s. It remains at rest for the rest of the time.  Now, we will construct positiontime graphs. As with the previous part, we will look at each time segment that has a constant acceleration. For 0 < t < 2.0 s, the acceleration was 1.0 m/s2 and the initial velocity was zero. Our position equation is x = xi + vi t + (1/2) a t2 x = 0 + 0 t + (1/2) (1 m/s2) t2 x = (0.5 m/s2) t2 This is a curvea parabola, actuallythat starts at (x = 0, t = 0) and ends at (x = 2 m, t = 2 s). On a graph that looks something like this:  From 2.0 s to 6.0 s, the velocity remains constant at vV = 2.0 m/s. This means the position, which is x = 2.0 m at time t = 2.0 s, increases at a steady, linear, constant rate. x = xi + vi t + (1/2) a t2 x = 2.0 m + (2.0 m/s) t + (1/2) (0) t2 x = 2.0 m + (2.0 m/s) t We started this segment, at tclock = 2.0 s, at a position of 2.0 m. At the end of the segment, with tclock = 6.0 s, we are at position x = 10 m. On a graph, that looks like this:  Now, at t = 6.0 s, there is a negative acceleration. At t = 6.0s, the velocity is 2.0 s; that becomes vi for this time segment. At t = 6.0 s, the position is 6.0 m; that becomes xi for this segment. For 6.0 s < tclock < 8.0, we have a = 1.0 m/s2 and the displacement equation becomes x = xi + vi t + (1/2) a t2 x = 10.0 m + (2.0 m/s) t + (1/2) ( 1.0 m/s2) t2 x = 10.0 m + (2.0 m/s) t (0.5 m/s2) t2 At the end of this segment, for t = 8.0 s, the position (or displacement) is x (tclock = 8.0 s) = 10.0 m + (2.0 m/s) (2 s) (0.5 m/s2) (2 s)2 [Be careful. I have written tclock = 8.0 s to keep track of our time overall. But our equations have all been developed with ti = 0 corresponding to xi and v, so the time that goes into this equation must be 2.0 s. If this is confusing, please let me know]. x (tclock = 8.0 s) = 10.0 m + 4.0 m 2.0 m x (tclock = 8.0 s) = 12.0 m This means a curve on the graph that looks something like this:  Now, for the final segment, with 8.0 s < tclock < 12.0 s, the object remains at rest (v = 0) so the displacement remains constant, x = 12.0 m. 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Century SchlbkWE q"kWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* kmWEWE q"hWE q"r+ hrDSET.H(VhTr+\6*r+ #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" +WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1000 mWEWE q"kWE q"m+ kmDSET.H)r'\h6*r' #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" 'WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"hWE q"r,"New Century Schlbk" .+ hrWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"mWE q"iWE q"n(60 minDSET.H*,r\!6*r|| #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"mWE q"iWE q"n,"New Century Schlbk" .+ minWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"s(60 sDSET.H+VOr \h`6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H,hr\h6*rJI #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"kWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* kmWEWE q"hWE q"r+ hrDSET.H-Vr+\6*r+ #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" +WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1000 mWEWE q"kWE q"m+ kmDSET.H.hhr'\O46*r' #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" 'WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"hWE q"r,"New Century Schlbk" .+ hrWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"mWE q"iWE q"n(60 minDSET.H/ir\O 6*r|| #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"mWE q"iWE q"n,"New Century Schlbk" .+ minWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"s(60 sDSET.H0Xr \N6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H1r \O,6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H2Shr \O6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H3Y$r7\Y 6*r7 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" 7WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"4WE q"3WE q"2WE q" WEPWE,"New Century Schlbk" .* 432 WE q"m)mWEWEWE q"2 (#2WE q"/WEPWE +/WE q"s)sWEWEWE q"2 (12WEWE q"2WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m (2000 mDSET.H4,hgv6*80 08dNISIdNISI  80TR[ UUUUXdNISIdNISI T2; XT]fXR+jXR7_XdNISIdNISI TX /dNISIdNISI TktXTXTX2g82828dNISIdNISI TU^XTXRNXRZXdNISIdNISI a0 8"p; 80a0 8" 6t u  #dNISI 1u ,"New Century Schlbk" .( v50 km/hrdNISI  a "vdNISI 1a + 90 km/hr * km/hrdNISI dNISIdNISI  80T! UUUUXTENXT8AX2F82DQ82QX8dNISIdNISI a-sA0a-/ACB0 >8x 797} (5 #dNISI 0(5(21 kmdNISI dNISIDSET.H5sint(r\i$6*rJI #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"kWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* kmWEWE q"hWE q"r+ hrDSET.H6Nr+\h6*r+ #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" +WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1000 mWEWE q"kWE q"m+ kmDSET.H7iDr'\i 6*r' #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" 'WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"hWE q"r,"New Century Schlbk" .+ hrWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"mWE q"iWE q"n(60 minDSET.H8Xr\6*r|| #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"mWE q"iWE q"n,"New Century Schlbk" .+ minWEWE q"6WE q"0WE q" WE q"s(60 sDSET.H9Xr \OH6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H:Xr\Y6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H;"hr\i86*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H<Y"Xr\X6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H= |r\h6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H>Nr\X6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H?i0w6*NN dNISIdNISI  T9BXTdmXR2qXR>fXdNISIdNISI dNISIdNISI T\eXTXRUXRaXdNISIdNISI afz0 k"5; 3w #dNISI 13w,"New Century Schlbk" .(4 130 km/hrdNISI   az#0a6#JB0 E @   #dNISI 0 + distance = ?dNISI dNISIdNISI  T7@ XTbkXR0oXR<dXdNISIdNISI TLUXdNISIdNISI a0 "ud y #dNISI 0y(z a = 5.8 m/s/sdNISI   a0 "X;dNISIdNISI  T]fXTXRVXRbXdNISIdNISI Tr{XdNISIdNISI  V #dNISI 0V(Wtime = ?dNISI dNISIDSET.H@Xr\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HA"hr\OD6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HBi4r\X6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HCi(r\i,6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HDV$r\Y(6*ryy #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"7WE q"2WE q".WE q"2,"New Century Schlbk" .* 72.2WEWE q"5WE q".WE q"8+ 5.8DSET.HENr\h6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HFbherhr\h6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HG i@ry \6*r   dNISIdNISI    dNISI2s8a+0  "-  ""#"#" R XaRf0  W"E  av0a  B0  {"j  o #dNISI 1 o, Geneva .( v = 8 m/sdNISI  *" dNISI 1*+ cdNISI dNISIdNISI  "dNISI 1+)v = 0dNISI  "dNISI 1+ t,idNISI dNISIdNISI  J"dNISI 1J( a = 1 m/sdNISI   "dNISI 1 +tdNISI  J`"dNISI 1J`(K2dNISI dNISIdNISI  *Z"WdNISI 1*Z(+30 mdNISI dNISIDSET.HHr\N6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HIE r\iH6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HJVXr\X6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HKr\iL6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HLYDr\YL6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HMYr\i6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HNOlr\N6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HOsNtr\N6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HPYr b\h6*rAA b J#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"bWE WEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"СWE q" WE q"bWE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* b WE q" , Symbol)WE q" WE2"a###WE ") WEPWEWE q"b)bWEWEWE q"2 ( 42WE q" WE q"СWE q" WE q"4WE q" WE q"aWE q" WE q"c + 4 a cWEWEWE q"2WE q" WE q"a( (2 aDSET.HQir b\N6*rAA b J#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"bWE WEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"СWE q" WE q"bWE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* b WE q" , Symbol)WE q" WE2"a###WE ") WEPWEWE q"b)bWEWEWE q"2 ( 42WE q" WE q"СWE q" WE q"4WE q" WE q"aWE q" WE q"c + 4 a cWEWEWE q"2WE q" WE q"a( (2 aDSET.HRYr#\N6*r33#  #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE WE WEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"СWE q" WE q"(WE q"СWE q"1WE q"6WE q")WE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* (16) WE q" , Symbol)-WE q" WE2"###WE") WEPWEWE q"(WE q"СWE q"1WE q"6WE q"))(16)WEWEWE q"2 ( `2WE q" WE q"СWE q" WE q"4WE q" WE q"(WE q"1WE q")WE q" WE q"(WE q"6WE q"0WE q") + 4 (1) (60)WEWEWE q"2WE q" WE q"(WE q"1WE q")( F2 (1)DSET.HShacci ra\N6*ra I#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"aWEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"6WE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* 16 WE q" , Symbol)WE q" WE2"`# ##WE ") WE q"2WE q"5WE q"6WE q" WE q"СWE q" WE q"2WE q"4WE q"0) 256 240WEWEWE q"2+2DSET.HTYr8\Yt6*r==8  #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"8WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"6WE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* 16 WE q" , Symbol)WE q" WE2"7# ##WE") WE q"1WE q"6) 16WEWEWE q"2(2DSET.HUYr)\Y|6*r) #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE")WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"6WE q" WE q" WE pSymbolWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* 16 WE q" , Symbol)WE q" WE q"4") 4WEWE q"2(2DSET.HVr*\Y6*r* #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" *WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"6WE q" WE q" WE pTimesWE q+,"New Century Schlbk" .* 16 WE q" ,Times)+WE q" WE q"4") 4WEWE q"2(2DSET.HWOr(\YP6*r( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"(WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"6WE q" WE q" WE pTimesWE q,"New Century Schlbk" .* 16 WE q" ,Times)СWE q" WE q"4") 4WEWE q"2(2DSET.HXY0rk\Y46*r  /E E/dNISI  /E /}~}dNISIdNISIdNISI Tdm XTX """"Tz]XRtiXdNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI fHf a0 /E"`; ^ #dNISI 1^,"New Century Schlbk" .+_ 120 km/hrdNISI dNISIdNISI  /E T[bdk XT[dXRR[aXRLg[XdNISIdNISI TGwPXdNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI a0 /E"d  #dNISI 0+Ha = ?dNISI dNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI  /E aYm0aYumB0 / ccdNISI \ic #dNISI 1\ic+Ls = 3.0 km = 3000 mdNISI dNISIdNISI  Q^ """""sdNISI 0Q^([v = 0dNISI  :GGb"hdNISI 0:GGb(DHt = 0dNISI dNISIdNISIdNISI  /ET XTX """"T XRXdNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI a0 /E"; & #dNISI 1&+ 120 km/hrdNISI dNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI  /E Tdm XTXR]XRiXdNISIdNISI TyXdNISIdNISIdNISI  Fm "" dNISI 0Fm(Gt = 2 sdNISI dNISI /E LdNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI TnwXTnwX """"TetXR_nXdNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI aw 0 /E";   #dNISI 1 ( 120 km/hrdNISI dNISIdNISIdNISIdNISI  /E TFO XTFOXR=LXR7FXdNISIdNISI T2;XdNISIdNISI WLWdNISIdNISIDSET.HYY,r\v6*r99 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"kWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* kmWEWE q"h+ hDSET.HZ)hr1\Y6*r1 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWEaRbZaRbZa+1Rb,0Za+1ZRb,0ZZWEWE" +WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .+ 1000 mWEWE q"kWE q"m+ kmDSET.H[Yr,\YT6*r, #xprWEwdxpr " WEWEaRbZaRbZa&,Rb'+Za&,ZRb'+ZZWEWE" &WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"h,"New Century Schlbk" .+ hWEWE q"3WE q"6WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"s(3600 sDSET.H\Vhr \Y6*r))  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H]vr\YX6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H^VOr \Y@6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.H_Mr\Y 6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H`ve oY<r \v6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.HaoionYr \N6*r*)  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.Hb 0 Yr0\X6*r0 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE"0WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"3WE q",WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .+ 3,000 mWEWE q"3WE q"3WE q".WE q"3WE q" WE q"mWE q"/WE q"s(33.3 m/sDSET.Hcxphr\h6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Hdo frtr\X6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HeVvr\v6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Hf r.\O$6*rHH. #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE".WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"3WE q",WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* 3,000 mWEWE q"3WE q"8WE q"7WE q"2WE q" WE q" WEPWE*3872 WE q"s)"sWEWEWE q"2 ((2DSET.Hg@Y`rR\i6*rrr3j 3jdNISI  3j i 4I;i8 IpIa0aCW0 Rj"Mw { #dNISI 1{,"New Century Schlbk" .+10 mdNISI  3j aj~0 j"t 3jRyXdNISIdNISI "|bLjZhZdNISIdNISI bK|iZhZ"ZfdNISIdNISI  ^ #dNISI 1^(_v = ?dNISI  gp"_dNISI 1gp+ idNISI dNISIdNISI  4jC"ldNISI 14jC(@kv = 0 at the topdNISI dNISIDSET.Hh 19M|rR\"$6*r2j 2jdNISI  2j i "D"D4I;i8 IpI { #dNISI 1{,"New Century Schlbk" .+35 mdNISI  2jR XbK|iZhZ"Zf Q| #dNISI 1Q|(Rv = ?dNISI  3kB"RdNISI 13kB(?lv = 0 at the topdNISI  2j a0 2j"K~ 2ja}0 2j"% :uK~ #dNISI 1:uK~+ idNISI dNISIDSET.HiE""(rQ\v6*rLLsI( Is(dNISI  sI(0MPScPa60 sI"H tJs "D"D#dNISI 0tJs,"New Century Schlbk" .+Kv = 0dNISI  w "KdNISI 0w (v = 29 000 km/hdNISI  sI( a0aBVB0 sQ L  "D"D#dNISI 0(18 mdNISI dNISIDSET.Hjv|r\v\6*r99 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"kWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* kmWEWE q"h+ hDSET.Hk@r1\v6*r1 #xprWEwdxpr " WEWEaRbZaRbZa+1Rb,0Za+1ZRb,0ZZWEWE" +WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1WE q"0WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .+ 1000 mWEWE q"kWE q"m+ kmDSET.HlVvlr,\T6*r, #xprWEwdxpr " WEWEaRbZaRbZa&,Rb'+Za&,ZRb'+ZZWEWE" &WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"h,"New Century Schlbk" .+ hWEWE q"3WE q"6WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WE q"s(3600 sDSET.HmvLr \v6*r))  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.Hn 4-vr \vD6*r))  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.Hovr \6*r))  #xprWEwdxpr" WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .*mWEWE q"s+ sDSET.Hpvdr\vH6*r #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEPWEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"m,"New Century Schlbk" .* mWEWEWE q"2 ( 2WEWEPWEWE q"s (sWEWEWE q"2 ( 2DSET.Hqcv`r`\",6*r` H#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" `WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"6WE q"4WE q" WE q"9WE q"6WE q"3WE q" WE q"6WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WEPWE,"New Century Schlbk" .* 64 963 600 WE q"m)AmWEWEWE q"2 (L2WE q"/WEPWE +/WE q"s)sWEWEWE q"2 (Z2WEWE q"3WE q"6WE q" WE q"m ("36 mDSET.Hrt@`>)<^sf6*)DSETb.Hstvh];r%:s t(-s=%=u>etvACUtUh#PwxM^uvA;h#Pw}vvA;f'f h#Pw g wv; xv*] yv zc!:{c)v:|cvc}cv6*)DSETTtsv"dPX' * x  z v1.5 mZNDSETTus"`vt`x { "\+ZNDSETTvs"|"lvxv:>x$ z | z v ytop = ?ZNDSETTws"D!"t!( x< z | z |  z "ybot = ytop + 1.5 mZNDSETTxs!!!!6> x$ z | z "4 ttop = ?ZNDSETTys!"xl* x< z | z |  z "tbot = ttop + 0.25 sZNDSET.Hz!s ph"}p!}6*)tBK~K~K~DSET.H{!sph"~p"p~6*)tBK~K~K~DSETT|s\"h"<"8$?x$ z | z " yi = 0ZNDSETT}s!!!c+x$ z  "a = g = 9.8 m/s2ZNDSET.H~c!r\w 6*r dNISI   "Wp#7#)##  p8 VV a,0aL`,0 [ V"" /X "D"D#dNISI 0/X,"New Century Schlbk" .(0400 mdNISI   PQZPa0 "*  "D"D#dNISI 0( t = 6 s *y = ?dNISI   a2RFf0 A"u\ )]Ds "D"D#dNISI 0)]Ds (>^+dNISI  ds">mdNISI 0ds (pa = 10 m/s/sdNISI dNISIdNISI  Bnt"dNISI 0Bnt(+C t = 0 * * y = 0 * *v = 0 dNISI  (K6V"vCdNISI 0(K6V(4LidNISI  DKSU"4PdNISI 0DKSU*idNISI  cKrU "PPdNISI 0cKrU*idNISI dNISIDSET.Hxpr\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H!r\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Hr\"T6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Heentwr\!6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H!r\v6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Hvr\!6*r~~( (dNISI  ( "Wp#7#)##  p8 VV a,0aL`,0 [ V"" /X "D"D#dNISI 0/X,"New Century Schlbk" .(0400 mdNISI  ( PQZPa0 ("* (a2RFf0 A"u\ )]Ds "D"D#dNISI 0)]Ds (>^+dNISI dNISIdNISI  ]">mdNISI 0] (iy = 180 m *v = 60 m/sdNISI  r"dNISI 0r+ ydNISI dNISIdNISI  ( P  "D"D"~dNISI 0(v = 0dNISI  ( a0 "  "D"D#dNISI 0(a = ?dNISI dNISIDSET.H th!r>\!6*r> &#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" >WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"3WE q"6WE q"0WE q"0WE q" WEPWE,"New Century Schlbk" .* 3600 WE q"m)mWEWEWE q"2 (*2WE q"/WEPWE +/WE q"s)sWEWEWE q"2 (82WEWE q"4WE q"4WE q"0WE q" WE q"m ( 440 mDSET.Hr\M6*r$$( (dNISI  ( "Wp#7#)##  p8 VV a`t0aM`at0 \ Wjj /X "D"D#dNISI 0/X,"New Century Schlbk" .(0400 mdNISI  ( a2RFf0 A"u\ )]Ds "D"D#dNISI 0)]Ds (>^+dNISI  ( P  "D"D">mdNISI 0 (v = 0dNISI  ( a0 " 1 "D"D#dNISI 01(a = 8.18 m/s/sdNISI  ( "a{0 " (P ~ "D"D#dNISI 0~( t = 5 s *y = ? *v = ?dNISI dNISIDSET.HVvTr\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H"@r\!6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H!r\!6*r&&(  (dNISI  (  "Wp#7#)##  p8 VV a`t0aM`at0 \  Wjj >g "D"D#dNISI 0>g,"New Century Schlbk" .(?400 mdNISI  (  a2RFf0 A "u\ )]Ds "D"D#dNISI 0)]Ds (>^+dNISI  (  a0 ( " / "D"D#dNISI 0/ (a = 10 m/s/sdNISI  (  "a{0 " ( P q "D"D#dNISI 0 q( y = 297 m *v = 40.9 m/sdNISI  (  "Pgp et "D"D#dNISI 0et(qv = 0dNISI dNISIDSET.H"Pr>\6*r> &#xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" >WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"4WE q"2WE q"6WE q"7WE q" WEPWE,"New Century Schlbk" .* 4267 WE q"m)mWEWEWE q"2 (*2WE q"/WEPWE +/WE q"s)sWEWEWE q"2 (82WEWE q"2WE q"0WE q" WE q"mWE q"/WEPWE ( 20 m/WE q"s)sWEWEWE q"2 (/2DSET.Hrcelr\(6*r@@( (dNISI  ( "Wp#7#)##  p8 VV a`t0aM`at0 \ Wjj >g "D"D#dNISI 0>g,"New Century Schlbk" .(?400 mdNISI  ( a2RFf0 A"u\ )]Ds "D"D#dNISI 0)]Ds (>^+dNISI  ( a0 (" / "D"D#dNISI 0/ (a = 10 m/s/sdNISI  ( P n| "D"D",dNISI 0n|(zy = 213 m * v = 0 m/sdNISI  ( P  "D"D"dNISI 0+My = 400 m *v = ?dNISI  ( a0 ("5dNISIDSET.H!r"\46*r**-O,d SPNT @"% P2-v15 - Copyright 1988 Silicon Beach Software, Inc. userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 27 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b/g{/gf true def}b g pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{av 68 gt {false}if}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg av 68 gt{pop}if}{/_pat load end exec} ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}ifelse}if ".f21 45 1 index neg 1 index neg matrix translate 3 1 roll currentpoint 2 copy matrix translate 6 1 roll "N+556 335 currentpoint 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div matrix scale 11 1 roll o[ 9 1 roll cleartomark 3 2 roll matrix concatmatrix exch matrix concatmatrix /P2_tp exch def P2_b mk end{bn}if "d SPNT d SPNT  P2_b p end ,3d SPNT  )0d SPNT  ,/3/d SPNT  +|2|d SPNT  ,3ˡd SPNT d SPNT dSPNT &9OYd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  J@, Geneva (Htime (seconds)d SPNT  P2_b g end  @ ".Ed SPNT dSPNT &,5BVd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@(;;0.00d SPNT  @".Xd SPNT ".ld SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N2.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N4.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".0d SPNT dSPNT &, BAd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)O6.00d SPNT  @".Cd SPNT ".Wd SPNT ".jd SPNT ".~d SPNT dSPNT &,nBd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N8.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N10.0d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &, B,d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)O12.0d SPNT  dSPNT &+d&SPNT y7d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode ) (position (meters) @+++UU|$*l* >*t*jl"L hh**    >x|LXhh  > ,"" <"  UU$x**""HH""?h<<d SPNT "-Dd SPNT dSPNT &"&8Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  3@+5{0.00d SPNT  @"(Dd SPNT "#Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT & %Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode   @(&0.400d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT " Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT & Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode   @( &0.800d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,1.20d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,1.60d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.00d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.40d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.80d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,3.20d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &x&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,3.60d SPNT  @"~Dd SPNT "yDd SPNT "uDd SPNT "pDd SPNT dSPNT &e&{Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  v@(t,4.00d SPNT  @"kDd SPNT "gDd SPNT "bDd SPNT "]Dd SPNT dSPNT &R&hGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  c@(a,4.40d SPNT  @"XDd SPNT "TDd SPNT "ODd SPNT "JDd SPNT dSPNT &?&UGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  P@(N,4.80d SPNT  @"FDd SPNT "ADd SPNT "<Dd SPNT "8Dd SPNT dSPNT &-&CGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  >@(<,5.20d SPNT  @"-Ed SPNT "Ad SPNT  8E-Ed SPNT !-d SPNT  8E-Ed SPNT !-d SPNT d SPNT  P2_b p end Fd SPNT  pFpd SPNT dXSPNT GGaw#P2_b 71 206 bb &97 208 119.97221 194.02788 138 176 bc 142 172 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end P2_b g end prGGJMQTWZ]`cfiknqtvy|~d SPNT d>SPNT ~~P2_b 143 171 bb 162 154 177 129 204 126 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pn~~~̠d SPNT d>SPNT ~~yP2_b 205 126 bb 216 121 223 134 227 142 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p2}~}}}~d SPNT d>SPNT P2_b 228 145 bb 230 155 239 164 250 164 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p>d SPNT ",d SPNT d>SPNT &&&111P2_b 294 164 bb 305 169 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p&1&1d SPNT d>SPNT 3357@@P2_b 307 174 bb 309 182 311 190 320 193 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p23@345789:<>@d SPNT d>SPNT DDW_ggP2_b 324 195 bb 343 198 351 178 359 165 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pJDgDFIKMOPTWZ\_acegd SPNT d>SPNT hhut{ygygP2_b 360 163 bb 373 146 372 123 377 103 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pnghyhjklmoopqrrsttt~u|uyvvvtvqwowlxjxgyd SPNT d>SPNT zezezeUUUP2_b 378 101 bb 386 85 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pUzeezUd SPNT d>SPNT TTTTTTP2_b 388 84 bb 402 84 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pTTTTd SPNT d>SPNT UU`nxxP2_b 403 85 bb 422 96 439 110 458 120 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end pnUxUVXY[\^_abdeghjkmnpqstuwxʠd SPNT d>SPNT yyP2_b 459 121 bb 473 128 487 136 502 143 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p>yy{}~d SPNT dSPNTDSET.H"r"\6*r""-O,d SPNT @"% P2-v15 - Copyright 1988 Silicon Beach Software, Inc. userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 27 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b/g{/gf true def}b g pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{av 68 gt {false}if}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg av 68 gt{pop}if}{/_pat load end exec} ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}ifelse}if ".f21 45 1 index neg 1 index neg matrix translate 3 1 roll currentpoint 2 copy matrix translate 6 1 roll "N+556 335 currentpoint 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div matrix scale 11 1 roll o[ 9 1 roll cleartomark 3 2 roll matrix concatmatrix exch matrix concatmatrix /P2_tp exch def P2_b mk end{bn}if "d SPNT d SPNT  P2_b p end ,3d SPNT  )0d SPNT  ,/3/d SPNT  +|2|d SPNT  ,3ˡd SPNT d SPNT dSPNT &9OYd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  J@, Geneva (Htime (seconds)d SPNT  P2_b g end  @ ".Ed SPNT dSPNT &,5BVd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@(;;0.00d SPNT  @".Xd SPNT ".ld SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N2.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N4.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".0d SPNT dSPNT &, BAd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)O6.00d SPNT  @".Cd SPNT ".Wd SPNT ".jd SPNT ".~d SPNT dSPNT &,nBd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N8.00d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &,Bd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)N10.0d SPNT  @".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT ".d SPNT dSPNT &, B,d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@)O12.0d SPNT  dSPNT &+d&SPNT y7d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode ) (position (meters) @+++UU|$*l* >*t*jl"L hh**    >x|LXhh  > ,"" <"  UU$x**""HH""?h<<d SPNT "-Dd SPNT dSPNT &"&8Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  3@+5{0.00d SPNT  @"(Dd SPNT "#Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT & %Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode   @(&0.400d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT " Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT & Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode   @( &0.800d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,1.20d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,1.60d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.00d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.40d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,2.80d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,3.20d SPNT  @"Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT dSPNT &x&Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(,3.60d SPNT  @"~Dd SPNT "yDd SPNT "uDd SPNT "pDd SPNT dSPNT &e&{Gd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  v@(t,4.00d SPNT  @"kDd SPNT "gDd SPNT "bDd SPNT "]Dd SPNT dSPNT &R&hGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  c@(a,4.40d SPNT  @"XDd SPNT "TDd SPNT "ODd SPNT "JDd SPNT dSPNT &?&UGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  P@(N,4.80d SPNT  @"FDd SPNT "ADd SPNT "<Dd SPNT "8Dd SPNT dSPNT &-&CGd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  >@(<,5.20d SPNT  @"-Ed SPNT "Ad SPNT  8E-Ed SPNT !-d SPNT  8E-Ed SPNT !-d SPNT d SPNT  P2_b p end Fd SPNT  pFpd SPNT dXSPNT GGaw#P2_b 71 206 bb &97 208 119.97221 194.02788 138 176 bc 142 172 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end P2_b g end prGGJMQTWZ]`cfiknqtvy|~d SPNT "4ġd SPNT d>SPNT pph\^^P2_b 195 112 bb 203 104 212 92 225 94 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p>^ppnljgeca`_^^^d SPNT d>SPNT ^^^dddP2_b 225 94 bb 243 100 bl &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p^d^dd SPNT  d|d SPNT d>SPNT ||P2_b 380 174 bb 389 180 401 184 412 182 bc &g x6 end 0 pat P2_b 1 1 bf be end p>||~d SPNT "ad SPNT dSPNTDSET.HVr\!6*r$$ c+ +cd SPNTdSPNT  c+  c+"% P2-v17 - Copyright 1991 Aldus Corporation userdict/md known{currentdict md eq md/bu known and}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 33 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def mk{md/xl known}{false}ifelse/xk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b p/g{/gf true def}b pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{mk{av 68 gt {false}if}if}b/bps 8 string def/bpm[8 0 0 8 0 0]def/bpp{bps}def/obp{gsave setrgbcolor bps copy pop dup 0 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 1 index 2 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 2 index 1 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 8 4 index 3 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul{2 index 8 3 index{1 index gsave translate 8 8 scale 8 8 false bpm/bpp load imagemask grestore}for pop}for pop pop pop grestore}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg P2_b mk end{av 68 gt{pop}if}if}{/_pat load end exec}ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec} {pop end}ifelse}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec}{pop end}ifelse}bind def}ifelse P2_b xk end{P2_d/_xl/xl load put/xl{P2_b 2 copy P2_tp 4 get add P2_tp 4 3 -1 roll put P2_tp 5 get add P2_tp 5 3 -1 roll put/_xl load end exec}bind def}if}if "d SPNT  g13 418 1 index neg 1 index neg matrix translate 3 1 roll currentpoint 2 copy matrix translate 6 1 roll "b*d SPNT c+555 611 currentpoint 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div matrix scale 11 1 roll [ 9 1 roll cleartomark 3 2 roll matrix concatmatrix exch matrix concatmatrix /P2_tp exch def P2_b -1 gx end P2_b mk end{md/bn known{bn}if}if "d SPNT d SPNT dSPNT &O cXd SPNT   _+, Geneva .(]time (seconds)  c+ UUUU"kd SPNT dSPNT &B V+d SPNT   R+(P12.0  c+"^d SPNT d SPNT  Ad SPNT  >d SPNT  A//d SPNT  @||d SPNT  Ad SPNT  "CEd SPNT dSPNT &B6VUd SPNT   R+(P;0.00  c+ UUUU"^;d SPNT  "CXd SPNT "Cld SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT dSPNT &BVd SPNT   R+)N2.00  c+ UUUU"^d SPNT  "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT dSPNT &BVd SPNT   R+)N4.00  c+ UUUU"^d SPNT  "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "C0d SPNT dSPNT &B!V@d SPNT   R+)O6.00  c+ UUUU"^&d SPNT  "CCd SPNT "CWd SPNT "Cjd SPNT "C~d SPNT dSPNT &BoVd SPNT   R+)N8.00  c+ UUUU"^td SPNT  "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT dSPNT &BVd SPNT   R+)N10.0  c+ UUUU"^d SPNT  "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "Cd SPNT "BDd SPNT "=Dd SPNT "8Dd SPNT "3Dd SPNT "/Dd SPNT "*Dd SPNT "%Dd SPNT "!Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT " Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "Dd SPNT "BEd SPNT  EBEd SPNT !Bd SPNT  BEBd SPNT  dSPNT & )!d&SPNT L`d SPNT ! (velocity (m/s)  c+ )! )! )!HTT$0 <@@<@@|~xD@|@(DD88DD80TT8@0 0@ UUUU"d SPNT  Fd SPNT dSPNT &% Dd SPNT   ++50.00  c+ UUUU"*d SPNT  /H/d SPNT  Hd SPNT dSPNT &$Ed SPNT ()1.00 UUUU")d SPNT dSPNT &% 9Fd SPNT (3%1.00"A%d SPNT d SPNT  "}Od SPNT "I3d SPNT  d SPNT "ed SPNT "&Fd SPNT "d SPNT d SPNT d SPNT dSPNTDSET.H" r\"6*r:B4d SPNT @ "% P2-v15 - Copyright 1988 Silicon Beach Software, Inc. userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 27 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b/g{/gf true def}b g pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{av 68 gt {false}if}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg av 68 gt{pop}if}{/_pat load end exec} ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg/_gr load end exec}bind def}ifelse}if ";f14 58 1 index neg 1 index neg matrix translate 3 1 roll currentpoint 2 copy matrix translate 6 1 roll "A3564 322 currentpoint 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div matrix scale 11 1 roll o[ 9 1 roll cleartomark 3 2 roll matrix concatmatrix exch matrix concatmatrix /P2_tp exch def P2_b mk end{bn}if "d SPNT d SPNT d SPNT dSPNT &,BZd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  =@, Geneva (;# time (sec)d SPNT  @ "!Sd SPNT dSPNT &C5dd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@(.I0.00d SPNT  @"!fd SPNT "!yd SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT dSPNT &5d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)M2.00d SPNT  @"!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT dSPNT &5d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)M4.00d SPNT  @"!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!'d SPNT "!;d SPNT dSPNT &+5Ld SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)N6.00d SPNT  @"!Nd SPNT "!ad SPNT "!ud SPNT "!d SPNT dSPNT &x5d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)M8.00d SPNT  @"!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT dSPNT &5d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)M10.0d SPNT  @"!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!d SPNT "!#d SPNT dSPNT &54d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  0@)N12.0d SPNT  dSPNT &|$d&SPNT k?d SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode 1 (acceleration (m/s^2) @|$|$|$ct p d|Ld`b,L0B@@$**`d+z} d F F>|ARSRP P>"" " ** >** d**$"d""@"UU<d**HHd SPNT " Rd SPNT dSPNT &/+Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  &@+Mm-2.40d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT " Rd SPNT dSPNT &/Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(5-2.00d SPNT  @" Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &/Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(5-1.60d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &/Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(5-1.20d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &)Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(/-0.800d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &)Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(/-0.400d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &4Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(:0.00d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &.Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(40.400d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT dSPNT &.Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(40.800d SPNT  @"Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "Rd SPNT "|Rd SPNT dSPNT &q4Ud SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  @(:1.20d SPNT  @"wRd SPNT "sRd SPNT "nRd SPNT "jRd SPNT dSPNT &_4uUd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  p@(n:1.60d SPNT  @"eRd SPNT "aRd SPNT "\Rd SPNT "XRd SPNT dSPNT &M4cUd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  ^@(\:2.00d SPNT  @"SRd SPNT "ORd SPNT "JRd SPNT "FRd SPNT dSPNT &;4QUd SPNT P2_b 0 gx x6 end 1 setTxMode  L@(J:2.40d SPNT  @" yd SPNT "Xd SPNT  FS Sd SPNT ! #d SPNT  FS Sd SPNT  S#d SPNT d SPNT  P2_b p end ;d SPNT  <d SPNT  ;:;d SPNT  :d SPNT  <աd SPNT  P2_b g end  "SMd SPNT  ;d SPNT "=Ld SPNT  d SPNT  P2_b p end  Y7d SPNT dSPNTDSET.Hr\!6*rC~C~+*+- *+-+d SPNTdSPNT +*+- @"% P2-v17 - Copyright 1991 Aldus Corporation userdict/md known{currentdict md eq md/bu known and}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 33 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def mk{md/xl known}{false}ifelse/xk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b p/g{/gf true def}b pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{mk{av 68 gt {false}if}if}b/bps 8 string def/bpm[8 0 0 8 0 0]def/bpp{bps}def/obp{gsave setrgbcolor bps copy pop dup 0 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 1 index 2 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 2 index 1 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 8 4 index 3 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul{2 index 8 3 index{1 index gsave translate 8 8 scale 8 8 false bpm/bpp load imagemask grestore}for pop}for pop pop pop grestore}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg P2_b mk end{av 68 gt{pop}if}if}{/_pat load end exec}ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec} {pop end}ifelse}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec}{pop end}ifelse}bind def}ifelse P2_b xk end{P2_d/_xl/xl load put/xl{P2_b 2 copy P2_tp 4 get add P2_tp 4 3 -1 roll put P2_tp 5 get add P2_tp 5 3 -1 roll put/_xl load end exec}bind def}if}if ",+d SPNT +*g42 299 1 index neg 1 index neg matrix translate 3 1 roll currentpoint 2 copy matrix translate 6 1 roll "*,d SPNT +-557 555 currentpoint 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div 1 index 6 index sub 4 index 9 index sub div matrix scale 11 1 roll [ 9 1 roll cleartomark 3 2 roll matrix concatmatrix exch matrix concatmatrix /P2_tp exch def P2_b -1 gx end P2_b mk end{md/bn known{bn}if}if "d SPNT dSPNT 0HH+*+-d SPNT  +*z4HHHff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""+*z-+*z-          z*4HHHff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""z*-z*-          *4HHHff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""*-*-         ff6 W *+4HHHff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""*+-*+-r 03 - - / d SPNT  dSPNT &r,@d&SPNT 1Ed SPNT " , Geneva .(velocity (m/s) @ccr,@HTT$0 <@@<@@|~xD@|@(DD88DD80TT8@0 0@ UUUU"d SPNT dSPNT &~Ztd SPNT (_0.5"_d SPNT dSPNT &g7{Rd SPNT (u<1.0"<d SPNT dSPNT &PVdod SPNT (^[1.5"l[d SPNT dSPNT &:6NOd SPNT (H;2.0"V;d SPNT  ESEd SPNT  "TLd SPNT PALd SPNT !E<d SPNT P@7KBdSPNTDSET.H "Hr\"6*rpp dNISIMdNISI (M M M-$z9HH]ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffdNISIffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUdNISIDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""-$z2M        d.NISI   dNISI M M-$z9HHQff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""-$z2M          dNISIMdNISIMdNISI >M M Mz$9HH]ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffdNISIffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUdNISIDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""z$2M       dDNISI   dNISI M Mz$9HHQff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""z$2M          dNISIMdNISIdNISI  $9HH]ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffdNISIffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUdNISIDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""$2        dNISI  ff6 dNISI  $9HHQff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""$2         ff6 dNISIdNISIdNISI   $+9HH]ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffdNISIffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUdNISIDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""$+2WrdNISI 03 - - 0 dNISI  $+9HHQff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33̙̙̙̙ff̙33̙ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33ffffffffffff33ffffffff̙ffffff33ffffffffffffff33ffffffffffffffffffffffff33ffffff33ff33ff33ff33ffff3333ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333333333̙33ff33333333333333ff33333333ff33ff33ff33ffff33ff3333ff3333333333333333ff333333333333333333ff333333ff33̙ff33ff33ffffffffffff33ff33333333ff333333ff33wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwUUDD""wwwwwwUUUUUUDDDDDD""""""$+2Wr 03 - - 0 dNISIdNISI  K  "dNISI  # K 0K !K K K @ B@@0  @PX@ @H@HH@ , Geneva .(qvelocity (m/s) K "!dNISI dNISI  U:aJ"}dNISI 0U:aJ(_;0.5dNISI  >J'"k;dNISI 0>J'(H1.0dNISI  '63F"TdNISI 0'63F(171.5dNISI  &"=7dNISI 0&(2.0dNISI  @ / "r0L!P"M]Pm_xjPnyDSET.HVr\!6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H0r\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.H8r\6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.Hr\$6*r(( #xprWEwdxpr " WEWE" WEWEp"New Century SchlbkWE q"1,"New Century Schlbk" .* 1WEWE q"2* 2DSET.HE r{\6*r~~4* 4*d SPNTdSPNT 4* @ UUUU"% P2-v17 - Copyright 1991 Aldus Corporation userdict/md known{currentdict md eq md/bu known and}{false}ifelse{bu}if currentdict/P2_d known not{/P2_b{P2_d begin}bind def/P2_d 33 dict def userdict/md known{currentdict md eq}{false}ifelse P2_b dup dup /mk exch def{md/pat known md/sg known md/gr known and and}{false}ifelse/pk exch def{md /setTxMode known}{false}ifelse/sk exch def mk{md/xl known}{false}ifelse/xk exch def/b{bind def}bind def/sa{matrix currentmatrix P2_tp concat aload pop}b/sb{matrix currentmatrix exch concat P2_tp matrix invertmatrix concat aload pop}b/se{matrix astore setmatrix}b/bb{gsave P2_tp concat newpath moveto}b/bc{curveto}b/bl {lineto}b/bx{closepath}b/bp{gsave eofill grestore}b/bf{scale 1 setlinewidth stroke}b/be {grestore}b/p{/gf false def}b p/g{/gf true def}b pk{/_pat/pat load def/_gr/gr load def}{/_gr {64.0 div setgray}b}ifelse sk{/_sTM/setTxMode load def}if/gx{/tg exch def}b 0 gx/x6{mk{av 68 gt {false}if}if}b/bps 8 string def/bpm[8 0 0 8 0 0]def/bpp{bps}def/obp{gsave setrgbcolor bps copy pop dup 0 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 1 index 2 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 2 index 1 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul 8 4 index 3 get 8 div floor cvi 8 mul{2 index 8 3 index{1 index gsave translate 8 8 scale 8 8 false bpm/bpp load imagemask grestore}for pop}for pop pop pop grestore}b end P2_b pk end{/pat{P2_b gf{end pop sg P2_b mk end{av 68 gt{pop}if}if}{/_pat load end exec}ifelse}bind def}{/pat{P2_b pop _gr end}bind def}ifelse P2_b sk end{/setTxMode{P2_b/_sTM load end exec P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec} {pop end}ifelse}bind def}{/setTxMode{pop P2_b tg dup 0 ge{/_gr load end exec}{pop end}ifelse}bind def}ifelse P2_b xk end{P2_d/_xl/xl load put/xl{P2_b 2 copy P2_tp 4 get add P2_tp 4 3 -1 roll put P2_tp 5 get add P2_tp 5 3 -1 roll put/_xl load end exec}bind 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